Creating a Portfolio with ETFs - Part I

Scott Taylor, IFA at Brilliance Financial Planning, discusses portfolio construction

Morningstar Europe Editor 1 March, 2012 | 4:37PM
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Every investor is different and this portfolio outlined below is merely an example. If you are looking to build an investment portfolio, Morningstar recommends you speak with a professional before making any investment decisions.

Sometimes it’s difficult to know how to construct your portfolio. Where would you even start? To give you some more ETF investing ideas to mull over, Morningstar has enlisted the help of Scott Taylor, an IFA at Brilliance Financial Planning. He has constructed an example portfolio for the following fictional character:

Joe:
42 years old
Married
Two kids
Dog
Paying down his mortgage
He has a cash ISA with some savings, but no other investments
He is rather financially stable and can pay off his debts each month

Joe has just inherited a surprise £30,000 from a long lost uncle. After recovering from the shock, Joe decides he wants to create an investment portfolio for himself with this money. After reading Morningstar’s ETF articles, he decides he wants to invest it in ETFs.

Scott Taylor will take him through various steps to understand how he could go about allocating his money. 

Step #1: Open an Account
To start, Joe will need to open an account with a stock broker. Buying and selling ETFs will incur brokerage commissions. Joe should also bear in mind that there are relatively few ETF providers and so he will likely end up with a portfolio concentrated with a few providers.

Step #2: Consider the Available ETF Structures
Another consideration for Joe is whether he wants to own physical or synthetic ETFs. To learn about the difference between the two types of ETFs, read the article “ETFs: Active vs. Passive / Physical vs. Synthetic.”

Step #3: Decide Asset Allocation
The most important decision for Joe will revolve around how much he allocates to risky investments, such as equity ETFs, and how much goes into lower risk funds, such as fixed income. A balanced investor may want to consider holding as much as 50% of his portfolio in gilt ETFs with the balance in equities.

It is unlikely that gilts will deliver a positive real return to him but they do have an unparalleled track record as a diversifier of investment risk. It is rare for gilts to fall in value at the same time as equities and even rarer for them to fall by more. If the purpose of the fixed income investment is to insure against losses in the equity funds, then gilts are a sensible choice. 

Step #4: Invest in ETFs
Below is an outline of what Joe may want to consider for his £30,000 portfolio.

Step #5: Adjusting for Risk
If Joe wants to increase the risk profile of his ETF portfolio he has two main choices:

- He can increase his allocation to risky ETFs in his equity portfolio. For example, a larger holding of emerging markets at the expense of UK equities would increase the risk profile. 
- He can increase his allocation to equities as a whole and reduce his fixed income holdings.
- A combination of the above two strategies.

Reducing the risk profile of the portfolio would mean lowering exposure to equities and, especially, riskier equities. Alternatively, he could increase his allocation to fixed income, especially index-linked gilts. 

Final Thoughts:
Joe may want to rebalance his portfolio once in a while to make sure he maintains an optimal asset allocation in his investments. For example, if emerging market equities perform well over a year, he may want to consider taking that enlarged, riskier part of his portfolio and investing some of the money back into gilts to rebalance his portfolio’s risk. However, Joe should always be wary of incurring trading costs from buying and selling ETFs.

Many ETFs pay out income generated as dividends. This poses a small problem for investors who want to reinvest the cash. Every time they reinvest, this will likely result in dealing commissions and other costs.  In practice, this means that a private investor may have more cash languishing in their account than they would prefer as they wait to pool enough money together before reinvesting.

Morningstar’s team of investment consultants have created two more ETF portfolios for Joe. To see them, read "Creating a Portfolio with ETFs - Part II".

Scott Taylor is an IFA at Brilliance Financial Planning and a guest contributor to Morningstar.co.uk.

The information contained within is for educational and informational purposes ONLY. It is not intended nor should it be considered an invitation or inducement to buy or sell a security or securities noted within nor should it be viewed as a communication intended to persuade or incite you to buy or sell security or securities noted within. Any commentary provided is the opinion of the author and should not be considered a personalised recommendation. The information contained within should not be a person's sole basis for making an investment decision. Please contact your financial professional before making an investment decision.

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